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JavaScript is the dominant client-side scripting language of the Web, with 98% of all websites (mid–2022) using it for this purpose. Scripts are embedded in or included from HTML documents and interact with the DOM. All major web browsers have a built-in JavaScript engine that executes the code on the user’s device.
Examples of scripted behavior
- Loading new web page content without reloading the page, via Ajax or a WebSocket. For example, users of social media can send and receive messages without leaving the current page.
- Web page animations, such as fading objects in and out, resizing, and moving them.
- Playing browser games.
- Controlling the playback of streaming media.
- Generating pop-up ads or alert boxes.
- Validating input values of a web form before the data is sent to a web server.
- Logging data about the user’s behavior then sending it to a server. The website owner can use this data for analytics, ad tracking, and personalization.
- Redirecting a user to another page.
- Storing and retrieving data on the user’s device, via the storage or IndexedDB standards.
